The London Underground

The London Underground  is a public transportation electric railway that operates both above and below ground throughout the Greater London area. Is the transport system of this type world's oldest. Became operational on January 10, 1863 and its older sections have completed 150 years into operation in 2013.

Londoners often refer to him as "the Tube" because of the shape of their tunnels.

Today there are 274 stations open and more than 408 kilometers of active lines, with more than three million passengers use the metro daily. It is the second metro system in the world (after Shanghai) for miles and the first of the European Union.

Since 2003, the underground part of the organization Transport for London (TfL), which also manages London's buses, including the famous red double-decker buses. Previously London Regional Transport was the company that owns the London Underground.

The Beatles

The Beatles were an English rock band active during the 1960s, and recognized as the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed in the history of music popular.Formada in Liverpool, was established in 1962 by John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals) , Paul McCartney (bass, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals) and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). Rooted in skiffle and rock and roll of the fifties, the band later worked with different musical genres, ranging from pop ballads to psychedelic rock, often incorporating classical elements, among others, pioneered in his songs . The nature of their enormous popularity, which had first emerged in the fashion of the "Beatlemania", transformed while his compositions became more sophisticated. Came to be perceived as the embodiment of progressive ideals, seeing their influence extend into the social and cultural revolutions of the 1960s.

With initial training five components of Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, Stuart Sutcliffe (bass) and Pete Best (drums), the band built their reputation in Liverpool and Hamburg clubs over a three-year period from 1960 . Sutcliffe left the group in 1961, and Best was replaced by Starr the following year. Established as a professional group after Brian Epstein would offer to be your representative, and with their musical potential enhanced by the creativity of producer George Martin, achieved commercial success in the UK in late 1962 with their first single, "Love Me Do" . From there, they acquired international popularity over the following years, which made a large number of tours until 1966, when it ceased live activity to concentrate solely on the recording in the studio until its dissolution in 1970. Then all members embarked on successful independent careers. Lennon was assassinated outside his home in New York in 1980, and Harrison pass away of cancer in 2001. McCartney and Starr remain active.

During his years of study created some of his best material, including the album Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967), considered by many to be a masterpiece. Four decades after their separation, they created music remains popular. They remain as the group with the most number one on the British charts, placing more albums in this position than any other musical group. According to RIAA certifications, they have sold more albums in the United States than any other artist. In 2008, Billboard magazine released a list of the most successful artists of all time on the Hot 100 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the charts, and The Beatles were placed at number one. They were awarded seven Grammy Awards, and received a total of fifteen Ivor Novello Awards from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked at number one on their list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time" According to the same publication, the Beatles' innovative music and cultural impact helped define the years sixty.

This link is a song of The Beatles:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=3I7XCBzTC3I

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (April 26, 1564 - April 23, 1616) was a playwright, poet and English actor. Sometimes known as the Bard of Avon, Shakespeare is considered the greatest writer in the English language and one of the most famous in world literature.

The New Encyclopædia Britannica says that "many consider him the greatest playwright of all time. Their pieces are represented more often and in more nations than any other writer."

Shakespeare's works have been translated into the major languages ​​and his plays are still performed worldwide. In addition, many quotations and aphorisms of his works have become part of everyday use, both in English and in other languages. Over time, there has been much speculation about his life, questioning his sexuality, religious affiliation, and even the authorship of his works.

Bronze Age

English society changed by the invention of bronze. Metal objects appeared in England as early as 2700 BC, although it is believed to have been imported.

About 2,000 BC bronze was created in England, comprising 9 parts of copper and tin. It is, of course, harder than stone and always more efficient as a tool and weapon.

In the Bronze Age the English rode horses and they were the first to weave cloth. The bronze age women, their hair adorned with pins and bone crescent and wore necklaces.

In the late Bronze Age (1000 BC-650 BC) built forts in the hills because wars were more common. This may have been because the population increased and fertile land were difficult to obtain.

Meanwhile, in the Bronze Age barrows are being built, although cremation was practiced. The dead were buried with useful items. It was believed that the need in the afterlife. Unfortunately, they had no written records, we know nothing of the religion of the Bronze Age.

We know that the British Bronze Age round living in wooden huts with thatched roofs, but nothing is known of their society and their organization. However, it is believed that there were different social classes.

Science in England

From England comes Prominent Figures of the Sphere of Science and Mathematics, as Isaac Newton, Michael Faraday, Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle, Joseph Priestley, JJ Thomson, Charles Babbage, Charles Darwin, Stephen Hawking, Christopher Wren, Alan Turing, Francis Crick, Joseph Lister, Tim Berners-Lee, Andrew Wiles and Richard Dawkins.

Some Experts Say That The First UN idea Metric WAS invented by John Wilkins, the first secretary of the Royal Society in 1668.

As the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, England was home many Important Inventors version of the late 18th and Principles 19.

The British engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel, WAS Known For The Creation of the Great Western Railway, a series Famous Steamboats, and numerous bridges Important release, revolutionized the Public Transportation and Engineering today.

Some of the Inventions and Discoveries made many English child portion: The First Industrial machine spinning, The First Team and the Modern Computer, the World Wide Web along with HTTP and HTML, The Results of the first blood transfusion, vacuuming, Lawn mower, Safety belt, the hovercraft, the electric motor, Microphone and steam engines.

Theories As Darwinian theory of evolution and atomic theory.

Newton WAS the enacting of universal gravitation and Newtonian mechanics, and infinitesimal calculus, WHILE That Robert Hooke Hooke's law enacting of Elasticity.

Other inventions were the railway board, heating, asphalt, rubber, the mousetrap, "cat's eye" road safety device, joint development of the light bulb, steam locomotives, the planter, and motor reaction many Modern Techniques and technologies used in precision engineering.

The War of the Roses

The War of the Roses (1455-1485) was the set of conflicts intermittent civil war between the House of Lancaster wing against the House of York. Both royal families had a common origin in the Royal House of Plantagenet, as descendants of King Edward III. The name "War of the Roses" was not used at the time, but comes from the emblems of the two royal houses. On one side was the red rose of Lancaster and the white rose of another York, which were used as emblems in the war.

The war was mainly between members of the landed aristocracy and armies of feudal lords. Support for each of the sides depended largely dynastic marriages among the nobility. The patriarch of the house of Lancaster, John of Gaunt had the first title the Earl of Richmond, the same that would show Henry VII at the end of the war. The leader of the House of York was Edmund of Langley, who held the Lordship of Cambridge. Later, during the reigns of the Tudors and the Stuarts, Richmondshire and Cambridgeshire would become major foci of recusants and Puritans, respectively. Notably, the fight between factions continued beyond the time of Henry, as the monarchs that followed prompted clashes continued.

The War of the Roses, largely caused the fall of the Plantagenets, as it produced a high number of deaths among the nobility, and generate widespread social discontent. This period marked the decline of British influence in Europe, the weakening of the feudal power of the nobles and, in return, increased influence by traders, and the growth and strengthening of a centralized monarchy under the Tudors . This war marks the end of the English feudal era and the beginning of the Renaissance.

This last rose is the Tudor rose, created at the end of the civil war, uniting both emblems.

Margaret Thatcher Dies at 87

London, England (09/ABR/2013.)
It was an admired woman in the world, but also hated. The former Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher, who transformed and divided with the same depth to his country, died

The so-called "Iron Lady" died "peacefully" at the Ritz hotel room in London, where he lived temporarily, his spokesman said Lord Tim Bell.

Worldwide leaders expressed dismay at the demise of the so far only head of the British Government.

In the UK, hundreds of people gathered in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, and in London's Brixton neighborhood to celebrate the death, as the economic policy of the premier hit with more taxes to the British.

Thatcher had a great friendship with Ronald Reagan, U.S. president of the time. The same happened with former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet, who also supported his campaign as she herself admitted in the late nineties.

The military supported the British premier in the war against Argentina over the Falklands dispute.

In Buenos Aires, the Government issued an official reaction, but citizens criticized on Twitter, blaming her for the death of 649 soldiers in the South Atlantic conflict.

Thatcher ordered the British landing in 1982 in the Falkland Islands, located about five thousand miles-UK military to evict the Argentines who had "occupied".

"She will always be remembered in the islands for his decision to send our forces who liberated Argentina home after the invasion in 1982".

in London as a result of a stroke at age 87.

Rivers in England

The main rivers are Thames, Severn, the Trent and the Ouse.

The Thames is the principal river of England. It rises near Kemble and passes through the cities of Oxford, Wallingford, Reading, Henley-on-Thames, Marlow, Maidenhead, Eton, Windsor and London. Its length is 346 km and flows into the channel Mancha.Es a navigable river, connecting London with the sea on one side and the dense network of inland canals on the other. The most important is the Bristol Channel, which communicates with the River Severn. Its main tributaries are the rivers Churn, Leach, Cole, Coln, Windrush, Evenlode, Cherwell, Ock, Thame, Pang, Kennet, Loddon, Colne, Wey and Mole.

The River Severn is the longest river in the United Kingdom and. It has 354 km in length. The river rises near Plynlimon, and through towns like Shrewsbury, Worcester and Gloucester. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean forming an estuary in the Southwest. Its main tributary is the River Tern, but also his own tributaries the rivers Vyrnwy, Stour, Warwickshire Avon and Bristol Avon and Teme the left and the right Wye.

The River Trent has a length of 297 km. Born in Staffordshire between Biddulph and Mow Cop and flows into the North Sea in the Humber estuary, which it shares with the River Ouse. It falls on the estuary at Niagara Trent. It is a navigable river in the 188 km that between Burton and the mouth. Its main tributaries are the rivers Dove, Derwent, Erewash and Devon to the left, and Mease, Tame and Soar to the right. Traverses the cities of Stoke-on-Trent, Derby, Nottingham, Newark-on-Trent, Immingham and Hull.

The River Ouse has a length of 240 km. Born around the villages of Syresham and Sulgrave, in Northamptonshire. Traverses the cities of Brackley, Buckingham, Stony Stratford Milton Keynes, Newport Pagnell, Olney, Bedford, St Neots, Godmanchester, Huntingdon, St Ives, Littleport and Downham Market. Flows into the North Sea in the Humber estuary, which it shares with the River Trent. Its main tributaries are the Babingley, Gaywood, Ouzel or Lovat, Odell Rill, Kym, Ivel, Cam, Lark, Ouse and Wissey.